Effect of the Presence of Silicone Oil in the Anterior Chamber After Complicated Retinal Detachment Surgery on Corneal Morphology by In Vivo Confocal Microscopy.

PURPOSE: This study evaluated the corneal endothelium, stromal keratocytes, subbasal nerve number and density in patients with silicone oil transferred to the anterior camera after pseudophakic complicated retinal detachment surgery by in vivo laser scanning confocal microscopy (IVLSCM). METHODS: Sequential measurements were made by IVLSCM between 3-6 months after surgery in two groups of patients: a) with silicon oil migration (Group 1) and without silicone oil migration (Group 2). RESULTS: A total of 63 cases (Group 1: 32 and Group 2: 31) were examined. The mean ages of patients were 65 ± 12 and 61 ± 11 and M/F ratio was 18/14 and 17/14, respectively. Mean intraocular pressures were 16.60 ± 4.60 and 15.75 ± 5.70 mm Hg, respectively. Changes were detected by IVLSCM mostly on the superior part of the cornea. A significant decrease in endothelial cell density and the number was detected in group 1 (2072 ± 116.2 cells/mm2 vs 2752 ± 512.3 cells/mm2; p < 0.001). Significant increases in posterior keratocyte density and stromal hyperreflective deposits were observed in group 1 (887 ± 45.8 cells/mm2 vs 725 ± 65.8 cells/mm2; p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was observed between the size of stromal deposits and endothelial cell density (r=-0.758; p < 0.001). The number and density of corneal subbasal nerves were significantly lower in group 1 (1.8 ± 0.8 and 4.8 ± 1.2 vs 420 ± 101 and 701 ± 112 µm/square; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: IVLSCM is a useful tool for the early detection of corneal abnormalities caused by silicone oil injection. This study verified silicone oil's detrimental effect on the corneal endothelium and revealed stromal changes in the anterior chamber, which we believe can be also been associated with the presence of silicone oil.

The iridocorneal angle and related anterior segment structures in pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes.

Objectives: We aimed at investigating the iridocorneal angle, anterior segment structural differences, and their relationship in pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes. Methods: This study was designed as an observational case-control study. We prospectively evaluated the pediatric patients who were newly diagnosed with hyperopic anisometropic amblyopia. Iridocorrneal angle in four sectors, axial length, and anterior segment structures were compared to emmetropic fellow and control eyes using Pentacam and IOLMaster 700 devices. The anisohyperopia and iridocorneal angle related factors were determined in hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes. Results: Forty-three hyperopic anisometropic amblyopic eyes, 43 fellow eyes, and 44 control eyes were included. The mean axial length, anterior chamber volume, and anterior chamber depth were significantly reduced in the study eyes compared to the fellow (p < 0.001, p = 0.021, and p = 0.045, respectively) and control eyes (p < 0.001, p = 0.001, and p = 0.009, respectively). The average iridocorneal angle was significantly lower in the study eyes than in the fellow and control eyes (p < 0.001 and p = 0.018, respectively). The iridocorneal angle correlated with anterior chamber depth (r = 0.49, p = 0.013), anterior chamber volume (r = 0.42, p = 0.038), the anterior radius of curvature (r =-0.54, p = 0.005), the posterior radius of curvature (r =-0.58, p = 0.002), and lens thickness (Rho =-0.41, p = 0.033) in the study eyes. Anisohyperopia was related to the interocular difference in axial length (Rho = 0.53, p = 0.005), anterior chamber depth (Rho = 0.53, p = 0.005), and anterior chamber volume (Rho = 0.42, p = 0.031). Conclusion: Pentacam and IOLMaster 700 are suitable for non-contact imaging of iridocorneal angle and anterior segment structures in the pediatric age. These biometric differences and their relationship should be kept in mind whenever anterior or posterior segment surgery is planned for pediatric anisohyperopic amblyopic eyes.